![]() ![]() 11, 12 As a result, more patients with CIEDs are receiving treatment in dental settings, so clinicians should remain aware of the risk of potential interactions between common electronic dental equipment and implanted cardiac devices. In the United States and globally, the number of individuals with CIEDs has increased steadily in recent decades, particularly among adults over 70 years of age. 2, 4, 5 Additionally, most newer models of CIEDs are considered to have more adequate shielding from electromagnetic interference than older devices. ![]() 2, 4, 5, 10 However, other investigators assert that laboratory tests do not adequately replicate in-vivo conditions, including the proximity of electronic devices used in dental procedures or the shielding of surrounding tissues in the human body. Previous in-vitro tests indicated that ultrasonic electronic dental devices caused interference in pacing and other functions. 9 Electromagnetic interference may cause an interruption in or a change of pacing, or send a positive signal that a shock is needed. In dentistry, there have been conflicting reports regarding whether electronic apex locators, curing lights or ultrasonic devices (e.g., scalers) might interfere with automatic electronic functions of CIEDs. There is a known history of common electronic devices, even cellphones and tablets, 7, 8 interfering with CIEDs. 1-6 This means patients, dental professionals and staff are more likely to have CIEDs, which may also increase the possibility of electromagnetic interference from electronic dental equipment. They are becoming more common as the initial population into which they were introduced ages with an increased life expectancy, and as implantations have increased. Electronic dental instruments, like ultrasonic scalers or apex locators, could potentially interfere with some implantable cardiac devices, such as pacemakers or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.Ĭardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) use electrical impulses to maintain proper heart rhythm. ![]()
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